Nelson is an English name derived from the Middle English word 'Nelleson', composed of Germanic elements 'nell' meaning 'little' and 'hild' meaning 'battle'. It means 'little battle' and has been popular throughout history, notably associated with British naval hero Admiral Horatio Nelson. Today, Nelson remains a popular choice for boys' names in English-speaking countries, often shortened to 'Nels' or 'Nel', symbolizing strength and courage.